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yexuqing木蟲之王 (文學(xué)泰斗)
太陽系系主任
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Hidden cascades of seismic ice stream deformation
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Hidden cascades of seismic ice stream deformation 隱藏的地震性冰流變形級(jí)聯(lián) ▲ 作者:ANDREAS FICHTNER, COEN HOFSTEDE, BRIAN L. N. KENNETT, ANDERS SVENSSON, JULIEN WESTHOFF, FABIAN WALTER, ET AL. ▲ 鏈接:https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adp8094 ▲摘要:冰流是海平面變化的主要調(diào)節(jié)器。然而,由于對(duì)相關(guān)過程的不完全理解,人們對(duì)冰流演變的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)粘性流動(dòng)模擬的預(yù)測(cè)能力有限。 在格陵蘭冰蓋上,基于鉆孔光纖的觀測(cè)揭示了一種與粘性流動(dòng)理論不符的脆性變形模式,其長(zhǎng)度尺度與現(xiàn)代冰蓋模型的分辨率相似:即在地表無法觀測(cè)到的冰震級(jí)聯(lián)效應(yīng)。冰震級(jí)聯(lián)在火山來源雜質(zhì)附近成核,促進(jìn)晶界開裂,表現(xiàn)為晶體尺度原初塑性的宏觀形式。 保守估計(jì)表明,冰震級(jí)聯(lián)或產(chǎn)生與大地測(cè)量值振幅相當(dāng)?shù)膽?yīng)變率,從而在當(dāng)前冰蓋模型和觀測(cè)之間提供了一個(gè)可能缺失的關(guān)聯(lián)機(jī)制。 ▲ Abstract:Ice streams are major regulators of sea level change. However, standard viscous flow simulations of their evolution have limited predictive power owing to incomplete understanding of involved processes. On the Greenland ice sheet, borehole fiber-optic observations revealed a brittle deformation mode that is incompatible with viscous flow, over length scales similar to the resolution of modern ice sheet models: englacial ice quake cascades that are unobservable at the surface. Nucleating near volcanism-related impurities that promote grain boundary cracking, the ice quake cascades appear as a macroscopic form of crystal-scale wild plasticity. A conservative estimate indicates that seismic cascades are likely to produce strain rates that are comparable in amplitude with those measured geodetically, providing a plausible missing link between current ice sheet models and observations. |

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